How to pass parameters from main process to render processes in Electron

A few methods:

loadURL Query String

The query string method others have posted seems to work fine. It might even be the easiest.

additionalArguments

Electron’s documentation says additionalArguments is:

Useful for passing small bits of data down to renderer process preload
scripts.

Main

const win = new BrowserWindow({
  width: 800,
  height: 600,
  backgroundColor: '#000000'
  webPreferences: {
    additionalArguments: ["myvarvalue", "secondvarvalue", "--another=something"]
  }
});

Renderer

window.process.argv is going to look something like:

["--num-raster-threads=2",
"--enable-gpu-memory-buffer-compositor-resources",
"--enable-gpu-async-worker-context",
...
"--renderer-client-id=4",
"myvarvalue",
"secondvarvalue",
"--another=something"]

It will append an array of strings. You could do something window.process.argv.slice(-3) to grab the last items in the array.

IPC Main / Render

Like you said, it seems complicated for what you are trying to do, but maybe this helps:

Main

const { ipcMain } = require('electron');

var mainProcessVars = {
  somevar: "name",
  anothervar: 33
}

ipcMain.on('variable-request', function (event, arg) {
  event.sender.send('variable-reply', [mainProcessVars[arg[0]], mainProcessVars[arg[1]]]);
});

Renderer

const { ipcRenderer } = electron;

electron.ipcRenderer.send('variable-request', ['somevar', 'anothervar']);

ipcRenderer.on('variable-reply', function (event, args) {
  console.log(args[0]); // "name"
  console.log(args[1]); // 33
});

This way allows you to send data besides strings.