Rails 4.1 added ActiveRecord::Enum, which emulates enums using an integer-type column. You can use them as long as you are willing to change the column type to an integer in the database.
To use these enums, put integer in your generate command:
bin/rails generate Work nickname:string sex:integer
Then add a call to enum in the generated model file:
class Work < ActiveRecord::Base
enum sex: [ :male, :female ]
end
See Enum’s documentation for more details.