How to format a JSON string as a table using jq?

Using the @tsv filter has much to recommend it, mainly because it handles numerous “edge cases” in a standard way:

.[] | [.id, .name] | @tsv

Adding the headers can be done like so:

jq -r '["ID","NAME"], ["--","------"], (.[] | [.id, .name]) | @tsv'

The result:

ID  NAME
--  ------
12  George
18  Jack
19  Joe

As pointed out by @Tobia, you might want to format the table for viewing by using column to post-process the result produced by jq. If you are using a bash-like shell then column -ts $'\t' should be quite portable.

length*"-"

To automate the production of the line of dashes:

jq -r '(["ID","NAME"] | (., map(length*"-"))), (.[] | [.id, .name]) | @tsv'