From the February 2020 v1.43 release, you can set per-ruler colors. Use like this:
"editor.rulers": [
{
"column": 80,
"color": "#ff00ff"
},
100, // a ruler with the default or editorRuler.foreground color at column 100
{
"column": 120,
"color": "#ff0000"
},
],
See the release notes here: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-docs/blob/vnext/release-notes/v1_43.md#multiple-rulers-with-different-colors