An instance of HTTParty::Response has a code attribute which contains the status code of the HTTP response. It’s given as an integer. So, something like this:
response = HTTParty.get('http://twitter.com/statuses/public_timeline.json')
case response.code
when 200
puts "All good!"
when 404
puts "O noes not found!"
when 500...600
puts "ZOMG ERROR #{response.code}"
end