Get Javascript console when emulating WebView app

The answer you are referring to is for Android Browser app, not for WebView component.

In order to get output from console.log() family of functions, you need to set a WebChromeClient for your WebView and override onConsoleMessage() (doc) method, like this:

webView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {
    @Override
    public boolean onConsoleMessage(ConsoleMessage consoleMessage) {
        android.util.Log.d("WebView", consoleMessage.message());
        return true;
    }
});