Every document in Google Sheets supports the “Chart Tools datasource protocol”, which is explained (in a rather haphazard way) in these articles:
- “Creating a Chart from a Separate Spreadsheet”
- “Query Language Reference”
- “Implementing the Chart Tools Datasource Protocol”
To download a specific sheet as a CSV file, replace {key} with the document’s ID and {sheet_name} with the name of the sheet to export:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/{key}/gviz/tq?tqx=out:csv&sheet={sheet_name}
The datasource protocol is quite flexible. Various other options include:
Response Format: Options include tqx=out:csv (CSV format), tqx=out:html (HTML table), and tqx=out:json (JSON data).
Export part of a sheet: Supply the range={range} option, where the range can be any valid range specifier, e.g. A1:C99 or B2:F.
Execute a SQL query: Supply the tq={query} option, such as tq=SELECT a, b, (d+e)*2 WHERE c < 100 AND x = 'yes'.
Export textual data: Supply the headers=0 option in case your fields contain textual data, otherwise they might be cut out during export.