Here you go:
date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S
As man date says near the top, you can use the date command like this:
date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
That is, you can give it a format parameter, starting with a +.
You can probably guess the meaning of the formatting symbols I used:
%Yis for year%mis for month%dis for day- … and so on
You can find this, and other formatting symbols in man date.