Good question, I will begin by how laravel docs explains it
Events : Laravel’s events provides a simple observer implementation, allowing you to subscribe and listen for various events that occur in your application. Events serve as a great way to decouple various aspects of your application, since a single event can have multiple listeners that do not depend on each other.
Where as
Jobs : Job classes are very simple, normally containing only a handle method which is called when the job is processed by the queue.
Essentially both are pushing jobs on to queues and/or do some processing its asked to do, the main difference I would say is how they are called.
Events are on the lookout to be called where as Jobs are always explicitly called.
Power of Events is that we can register multiple listeners for a single event and the event helper will dispatch the event to all of its registered listeners without us calling them explicitly. where in case of Jobs we would have to call them each one explicitly.
In short if you have a scenario where an event would trigger multiple method calls event would help. If its a single method call Jobs are good.
Events Scenario: user signs up -> Send email, Dispatch complimentary swag, Create a subdomain for a user profile userxyz.site.com etc etc
Jobs Scenario: user signs up -> Send email.
In the exact context of the question: “Event” is a “Queued Event Listener”. Every Laravel Event has a Listener bound to it (the event listener), then, when we queue that event (in the listener) it is magically a “Queued Event Listener”