“C:\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props” was not found

This will usually solve the problem:

1. Run on an elevated command prompt (admin):
   npm install --global --production windows-build-tools.
   npm is required and my recommended package manager.
2. Change ownership of the install dir (in my case C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\14.0) to your user, instead of admin. (properties>Security>Advanced).

Sometimes step 2 is unnecessary. It is still recommended to avoid having to use admin console for some commands.