The simplest solution is to consider your argument as a string and split.
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("--myarg", type=str)
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.myarg is not None:
args.myarg = [s.strip() for s in args.myarg.split(",")]
print(args)
Result:
$ ./toto.py --myarg=abcd,e,fg
Namespace(myarg=['abcd', 'e', 'fg'])
$ ./toto.py --myarg="abcd, e, fg"
Namespace(myarg=['abcd', 'e', 'fg'])