Yes there is:
ARRAY=()
ARRAY+=('foo')
ARRAY+=('bar')
Bash Reference Manual:
In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to a shell variable or array index (see Arrays), the ‘+=’ operator can be used to append to or add to the variable’s previous value.
Also:
When += is applied to an array variable using compound assignment (see Arrays below), the variable’s value is not unset (as it is when using =), and new values are appended to the array beginning at one greater than the array’s maximum index (for indexed arrays)