Command Line Arguments can be set in the Debug tag in the project’s Properties window:

Alternatively, there is an option to add StartArguments element to your .csproj.user file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
<PropertyGroup>
<PublishUrlHistory />
<InstallUrlHistory />
<SupportUrlHistory />
<UpdateUrlHistory />
<BootstrapperUrlHistory />
<ErrorReportUrlHistory />
<FallbackCulture>en-US</FallbackCulture>
<VerifyUploadedFiles>false</VerifyUploadedFiles>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|x86'">
<StartArguments>Argument1 Argument2</StartArguments> <<== THIS LINE
</PropertyGroup>
</Project>