To open the User settings:
- Open the command palette (either with F1 or Ctrl+Shift+P)
- Type “open settings”
- You are presented with two options, choose Open Settings (JSON)
Which, depending on platform, is one of:
- Windows
%APPDATA%\Code\User\settings.json - macOS
$HOME/Library/Application\ Support/Code/User/settings.json - Linux
$HOME/.config/Code/User/settings.json
The Workspace settings will be in a {workspaceName}.code-workspace file where you saved it, and the Folder settings will be in a .vscode folder if and when it has been created.
Official page on User and Workspace Settings
As stated by sevencardz below, VS Code now includes a button in the Settings UI gutter which can be used to switch between editor and graphical view. The workbench.settings.editor option selects which of these is opened by default when not using the above method, such as ⌘+, or through the application menu.