Or you can use a class for that:
.fill-space {
// This fills the remaining space, by using flexbox.
// Every toolbar row uses a flexbox row layout.
flex: 1 1 auto;
}
<md-toolbar color="primary">
<span>Application Title</span>
<!-- This fills the remaining space of the current row -->
<span class="fill-space"></span>
<span>Right Aligned Text</span>
</md-toolbar>
This solution is also taken from a spec.