X hangs up because of application (use C++, Qt, OpenGL)

Question

Have you tried adding robustness support to your OpenGL implementation using GL_ARB_robustness?

2.6 “Graphics Reset Recovery”

Certain events can result in a reset of the GL context. Such a reset
causes all context state to be lost. Recovery from such events
requires recreation of all objects in the affected context. The
current status of the graphics reset state is returned by
enum GetGraphicsResetStatusARB();
The symbolic constant returned indicates if the GL context has been in
a reset state at any point since the last call to
GetGraphicsResetStatusARB. NO_ERROR indicates that the GL context has
not been in a reset state since the last call.
GUILTY_CONTEXT_RESET_ARB indicates that a reset has been detected that
is attributable to the current GL context. INNOCENT_CONTEXT_RESET_ARB
indicates a reset has been detected that is not attributable to the
current GL context. UNKNOWN_CONTEXT_RESET_ARB indicates a detected
graphics reset whose cause is unknown.

Also, make sure you have a debug context when you initialize your context, and use the ARB_debug_output extension to receive log output.

void DebugMessageControlARB(enum source,
                            enum type,
                            enum severity,
                            sizei count,
                            const uint* ids,
                            boolean enabled);

void DebugMessageInsertARB(enum source,
                           enum type,
                           uint id,
                           enum severity,
                           sizei length, 
                           const char* buf);

void DebugMessageCallbackARB(DEBUGPROCARB callback,
                             const void* userParam);

uint GetDebugMessageLogARB(uint count,
                           sizei bufSize,
                           enum* sources,
                           enum* types,
                           uint* ids,
                           enum* severities,
                           sizei* lengths, 
                           char* messageLog);

void GetPointerv(enum pname,
                 void** params);

For example:

// Initialize GL_ARB_debug_output ASAP
if (glfwExtensionSupported("GL_ARB_debug_output"))
{
    typedef void APIENTRY (*glDebugMessageCallbackARBFunc)
            (GLDEBUGPROCARB callback, const void* userParam);
    typedef void APIENTRY (*glDebugMessageControlARBFunc)
            (GLenum source, GLenum type, GLenum severity,
             GLsizei count, const GLuint* ids, GLboolean enabled);
    auto glDebugMessageCallbackARB = (glDebugMessageCallbackARBFunc)
            glfwGetProcAddress("glDebugMessageCallbackARB");
    auto glDebugMessageControlARB = (glDebugMessageControlARBFunc)
            glfwGetProcAddress("glDebugMessageControlARB");
    glDebugMessageCallbackARB(debugCallback, this);
    glDebugMessageControlARB(GL_DONT_CARE, GL_DONT_CARE,
            GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_LOW_ARB, 0, nullptr, GL_TRUE);
}

…

std::string GlfwThread::severityString(GLenum severity)
{
    switch (severity)
    {
    case GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_LOW_ARB: return "LOW";
    case GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_MEDIUM_ARB: return "MEDIUM";
    case GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_HIGH_ARB: return "HIGH";
    default: return "??";
    }
}

std::string GlfwThread::sourceString(GLenum source)
{
    switch (source)
    {
    case GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_API_ARB: return "API";
    case GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_WINDOW_SYSTEM_ARB: return "SYSTEM";
    case GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_SHADER_COMPILER_ARB: return "SHADER_COMPILER";
    case GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_THIRD_PARTY_ARB: return "THIRD_PARTY";
    case GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_APPLICATION_ARB: return "APPLICATION";
    case GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_OTHER_ARB: return "OTHER";
    default: return "???";
    }
}

std::string GlfwThread::typeString(GLenum type)
{
    switch (type)
    {
    case GL_DEBUG_TYPE_ERROR_ARB: return "ERROR";
    case GL_DEBUG_TYPE_DEPRECATED_BEHAVIOR_ARB: return "DEPRECATED_BEHAVIOR";
    case GL_DEBUG_TYPE_UNDEFINED_BEHAVIOR_ARB: return "UNDEFINED_BEHAVIOR";
    case GL_DEBUG_TYPE_PORTABILITY_ARB: return "PORTABILITY";
    case GL_DEBUG_TYPE_PERFORMANCE_ARB: return "PERFORMANCE";
    case GL_DEBUG_TYPE_OTHER_ARB: return "OTHER";
    default: return "???";
    }
}

// Note: this is static, it is called from OpenGL
void GlfwThread::debugCallback(GLenum source, GLenum type,
                               GLuint id, GLenum severity,
                               GLsizei, const GLchar *message,
                               const GLvoid *)
{
    std::cout << "source=" << sourceString(source) <<
                 " type=" << typeString(type) <<
                 " id=" << id <<
                 " severity=" << severityString(severity) <<
                 " message=" << message <<
                 std::endl;
    AssertBreak(type != GL_DEBUG_TYPE_ERROR_ARB);
}

You almost certainly have both of those extensions available on a decent OpenGL implementation. They help, a lot. Debug contexts do validation on everything and complain to the log. They even give performance suggestions in the log output in some OpenGL implementations. Using ARB_debug_output makes checking glGetError obsolete – it checks for you every call.

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