What are the cipher padding strings in java

There are many types of padding, PKCS-7, Zero, ISO 10126, ANSI X.923, etc.
I suggest you read up on padding since you seem not to fully understand the concept.

Then there’s the possibility you are referring to cryptographic salt.

Edit
Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support the following standard Cipher transformations with the keysizes in parentheses:

  • AES/CBC/NoPadding (128)
  • AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding (128)
  • AES/ECB/NoPadding (128)
  • AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding (128)
  • DES/CBC/NoPadding (56)
  • DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding (56)
  • DES/ECB/NoPadding (56)
  • DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding (56)
  • DESede/CBC/NoPadding (168)
  • DESede/CBC/PKCS5Padding (168)
  • DESede/ECB/NoPadding (168)
  • DESede/ECB/PKCS5Padding (168)
  • RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding (1024, 2048)
  • RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-1AndMGF1Padding (1024, 2048)
  • RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-256AndMGF1Padding (1024, 2048)

You can find a list here.

Edit 2
You can find the Bouncy Castle specification here. It lists all available padding schemes.

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