In this statement: printf(“%d”,~c); the c is converted to int1 type before ~ (bitwise complement) operator is applied. This is because of integer promotions, that are invoked to operand of the ~. In this case an object of unsigned char type is promoted to (signed) int, which is then (after ~ operator evaluation) used by … Read more
They are completely different types see standard: 3.9.1 Fundamental types [basic.fundamental] 1 Objects declared as characters char) shall be large enough to store any member of the implementation’s basic character set. If a character from this set is stored in a character object, the integral value of that character object is equal to the value … Read more
If it exists, uint8_t must always have the same width as unsigned char. However, it need not be the same type; it may be a distinct extended integer type. It also need not have the same representation as unsigned char; for instance, the bits could be interpreted in the opposite order. This is a silly … Read more
Use: cout << “a is ” << hex << (int) a <<“; b is ” << hex << (int) b << endl; And if you want padding with leading zeros then: #include <iomanip> … cout << “a is ” << setw(2) << setfill(‘0’) << hex << (int) a ; As we are using C-style casts, … Read more
It doesn’t really print a blank, but most probably the ASCII character with value 5, which is non-printable (or invisible). There’s a number of invisible ASCII character codes, most of them below value 32, which is the blank actually. You have to convert aa to unsigned int to output the numeric value, since ostream& operator<<(ostream&, … Read more