You can do this within a single file without using any server-side programming languages. You should check out i18next for a proper javascript solution.
You can also use pure CSS to translate a homepage. Try something like
.en, .de, .it { display:none; } /* hide all elements with a language class */
.en:lang(en), .de:lang(de), .it:lang(it) { display:block; } /* show those elements that match their language class */
When you set a proper lang attribute on your html tag (e.g. by javascript) you can translate your page very easy:
<div class="en">Good morning</div>
<div class="de">Guten Morgen</div>
<div class="it">Ciao</div>