Note this was tested with version 4+
I was finally able to make progress after finding this discussion: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/select2/TOh3T0yqYr4
The last comment notes a method that I was able to use successfully.
Example:
$("#selectelement").select2("trigger", "select", {
data: { id: "5" }
});
This seems to be enough information for it to match the ajax data, and set the value correctly. This helped immensely with Custom Data Adapters.
Note: For multi select, execute the above code for each item, like this :
// for each initially selected ids, execute the above code to add the id to the selection.
[{id: 5, text: 'op5'}, {id: 10, text: 'op10'}].forEach(option => {
$("#selectelement").select2("trigger", "select", {data: { id: option.id, text: option.text }});
})