Found the problem – The solution is in the way that the two AppPools are configured:
- Default Website/my_app is using DefaultAppPool where Enable 32-Bit applications is TRUE
- Beta/my_app -> BetaAppPool is using Enable 32-Bit applications is FALSE
Changing BetaAppPool to set Enable 32-Bit applications to TRUE has fixed this problem.
Solution was found by @Rick on this question: C# Entity Framework 4 Common Language Runtime detected an invalid program error?