How to reduce the number of colors in an image with OpenCV?

This subject was well covered on OpenCV 2 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook:

Chapter 2 shows a few reduction operations, one of them demonstrated here in C++ and later in Python:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>


void colorReduce(cv::Mat& image, int div=64)
{    
    int nl = image.rows;                    // number of lines
    int nc = image.cols * image.channels(); // number of elements per line

    for (int j = 0; j < nl; j++)
    {
        // get the address of row j
        uchar* data = image.ptr<uchar>(j);

        for (int i = 0; i < nc; i++)
        {
            // process each pixel
            data[i] = data[i] / div * div + div / 2;
        }
    }
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{   
    // Load input image (colored, 3-channel, BGR)
    cv::Mat input = cv::imread(argv[1]);
    if (input.empty())
    {
        std::cout << "!!! Failed imread()" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    } 

    colorReduce(input);

    cv::imshow("Color Reduction", input);   
    cv::imwrite("output.jpg", input);   
    cv::waitKey(0);

    return 0;
}

Below you can find the input image (left) and the output of this operation (right):

The equivalent code in Python would be the following:
(credits to @eliezer-bernart)

import cv2
import numpy as np

input = cv2.imread('castle.jpg')

# colorReduce()
div = 64
quantized = input // div * div + div // 2

cv2.imwrite('output.jpg', quantized)