On version 1.3.6,
You can use Quill.setContents(value)
method.
And insert your new HTML like this:
const value = `<h1>New content here</h1>`
const delta = quill.clipboard.convert(value)
quill.setContents(delta, 'silent')
Quill documentation: https://quilljs.com/docs/api/#setcontents