Spark-2.2.0 onwards use pip install pyspark
to install pyspark in your machine.
For older versions refer following steps. Add Pyspark lib in Python path in the bashrc
export PYTHONPATH=$SPARK_HOME/python/:$PYTHONPATH
also don’t forget to set up the SPARK_HOME.
PySpark depends the py4j Python package. So install that as follows
pip install py4j
For more details about stand alone PySpark application refer this post