No, as the error message states, DISTINCT
is not implemented with windows functions. Aplying info from this link into your case you could use something like:
WITH uniques AS (
SELECT congestion.id_element, COUNT(DISTINCT congestion.week_nb) AS unique_references
FROM congestion
WHERE congestion.date >= '2014.01.01'
AND congestion.date <= '2014.12.31'
GROUP BY congestion.id_element
)
SELECT congestion.date, congestion.week_nb, congestion.id_congestion,
congestion.id_element,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER(
PARTITION BY congestion.id_element
ORDER BY congestion.date),
uniques.unique_references AS week_count
FROM congestion
JOIN uniques USING (id_element)
WHERE congestion.date >= '2014.01.01'
AND congestion.date <= '2014.12.31'
ORDER BY id_element, date
Depending on the situation you could also put a subquery straight into SELECT
-list:
SELECT congestion.date, congestion.week_nb, congestion.id_congestion,
congestion.id_element,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER(
PARTITION BY congestion.id_element
ORDER BY congestion.date),
(SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT dist_con.week_nb)
FROM congestion AS dist_con
WHERE dist_con.date >= '2014.01.01'
AND dist_con.date <= '2014.12.31'
AND dist_con.id_element = congestion.id_element) AS week_count
FROM congestion
WHERE congestion.date >= '2014.01.01'
AND congestion.date <= '2014.12.31'
ORDER BY id_element, date