Here are the character sets that Steve Gibson uses for his “Perfect Paper Password” system. They are “characters to allow” rather than “characters to avoid”, but they seem pretty reasonable for what you want:
A standard set of 64 characters
!#%+23456789:=?@ABCDEFGHJKLMNPRS
TUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz
A larger set of 88 characters
!"#$%&'()*+,-./23456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHJKLMNO
PRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
For pronounceable passwords, I’m not familiar with the algorithms but you might want to look at APG and pwgen as a starting point.