These patterns and best practices are often bound to a specific platform/language, so they are the first place to look for them.
- Exception patterns wiki is a general patterns resource.
As an example check the following links for java:
- Best Practices for Exception Handling
- 15 Best practices about exception handling
- Exception-Handling Antipatterns
Going through such materials would give you a general idea to follow in exception handling mechanisms.
Also check other SO questions:
- Exception handling pattern
- Java Style: Properly handling exceptions