How do you use @Input with components created with a ComponentFactoryResolver?

No, Angular2 bindings only work with components and directives statically added to the template of a component.

For all other situations use shared services like explained in https://angular.io/guide/component-interaction#parent-and-children-communicate-via-a-service

You can also use

let componentRef = entryPoint.createComponent(componentFactory);
componentRef.instance.someProp = 'someValue';
componentRef.instance.someObservableOrEventEmitter.subscribe(data => this.prop = data);