=== is called strict comparison operator in JavaScript. Object.is and strict comparison operator behave exactly the same except for NaN and +0/-0.
From MDN:
Object.is()method is not the same as being equal according to the===operator. The===operator (and the==operator as well) treats the number values -0 and +0 as equal and treatsNumber.NaNas not equal toNaN.
Code below highlights the difference between === and Object.is().
console.log(+0 === -0); //true
console.log(Object.is(+0, -0)); //false
console.log(NaN === NaN); // false
console.log(Object.is(NaN, NaN)); //true
console.log(Number.NaN === Number.NaN); // false
console.log(Object.is(Number.NaN, Number.NaN)); // true
console.log(NaN === Number.NaN); // false
console.log(Object.is(NaN, Number.NaN)); // true

You can find more examples here.
Note: Object.is is part of the ECMAScript 6 proposal and is not widely supported yet (e.g. it’s not supported by any version of Internet Explorer or many older versions of other browsers). However you can use a polyfill for non-ES6 browsers which can be found in link given above.