Cool, I am happy to report that I was able to answer my own question! I just defined a CSS style (alignRight), and added the style to the column like so:
<style media="all" type="text/css">
.alignRight { text-align: right; }
</style>
oTable = $('#example').dataTable( {
"aoColumns" : [
{ sWidth: '40%' },
{ sWidth: '60%', sClass: "alignRight" }
] } );