From Rich Chetwynd’s short article “Javascript debugging on Android browser”.
You can log javascript errors and console messages from your Android device or emulator. To do this you first need to install the Android SDK and USB drivers and enable USB debugging on the actual device.
To check if the device is connected correctly you can run the following cmd from your Android SDK tools directory and you should see a device in the list
c:\android sdk..\platform-tools\adb devices
You can then use the Android Debug Bridge to filter debug messages so that you only see browser related messages by running the following cmd.
c:\android sdk..\platform-tools\adb logcat browser:V *:S
By default the log is written to stdout so you will see any Javascript errors or console.log messages etc written to the cmd window.
Further details: Logcat CLI tool docs.