does grpc service must have exactly one input parameter and one return value

gRPC service methods have exactly one input message and exactly one output message. Typically, these messages are used as input and output to only one method. This is on purpose, as it allows easily adding new parameters later (to the messages) while maintaining backward compatibility.

If you don’t want any input or output parameters, you can use the well-known proto google.protobuf.Empty. However, this is discouraged as it prevents you from adding parameters to the method in the future. Instead, you would be encouraged to follow the normal practice of having a message for the request, but simply with no contents:

service Greeter {
    rpc SayHello (SayHelloRequest) returns (SayHelloResponse) {}
}

message SayHelloRequest {} // service has no input

Similarly, if you want two request parameters, just include both in the request message:

message SayHelloRequest { // service has two inputs
    string request = 1;
    string anotherRequestParam = 2;
}