It is possible by using SharedSizeGroup. Also check out IsSharedSizeScope.
<GroupBox Grid.IsSharedSizeScope="True">
<Grid>
...
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" SharedSizeGroup="A" />
<GroupBox>
<Grid>
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition SharedSizeGroup="A" />
See here for more information.