If your ProgressBar and TextView are inside a RelativeLayout you can give the ProgressBar an id, and then align the TextView with the ProgressBar using that. It should then show on top of the ProgressBar. Make sure the background is transparent so that you can still see the ProgressBar
For example:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
<ProgressBar
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/PROGRESS_BAR"/>
<!-- TextView with transparent background -->
<TextView
android:background="#00000000"
android:layout_alignLeft="@id/PROGRESS_BAR"
android:layout_alignTop="@id/PROGRESS_BAR"
android:layout_alignRight="@id/PROGRESS_BAR"
android:layout_alignBottom="@id/PROGRESS_BAR"/>
</RelativeLayout>