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You have an array with the arguments for your function which is of indeterminate length.
$args = someFuncWhichReturnsTheArgs(); foobar( /* put these $args here, you do not know how many there are */ );
The alternative would be:
switch (count($args)) { case 1: foobar($args[0]); break; case 2: foobar($args[0], $args[1]); break; ... }
Which is not a solution.
The use case for this may be rare, but when you come across it you need it.