It is probably easiest to just get the list of colors and cycle it yourself using itertools
:
import numpy as np
from bokeh.plotting import figure, output_file, show
# select a palette
from bokeh.palettes import Dark2_5 as palette
# itertools handles the cycling
import itertools
output_file('bokeh_cycle_colors.html')
p = figure(width=400, height=400)
x = np.linspace(0, 10)
# create a color iterator
colors = itertools.cycle(palette)
for m, color in zip(range(10), colors):
y = m * x
p.line(x, y, legend='m = {}'.format(m), color=color)
p.legend.location='top_left'
show(p)