Assuming @ChrisHayes is right about an accidental sudo, this should fix it. From inside your repository:
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)/.git"
Update: for those of you getting the illegal group name error, try this instead:
sudo chown -R $(id -u):$(id -g) "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)/.git"