How to use VisibleForTesting for pure JUnit tests

Make the method package-private and the test will be able to see it, if the test is in the corresponding test package (same package name as the production code).

@VisibleForTesting
Address getAddress() {
  return mAddress;
}

Also consider refactoring your code so you don’t need to explicitly test a private method, try testing the behaviour of a public interface. Code that is hard to test can be an indication that improvements can be made to production code.

The point of an annotation is that its convention and could be used in static code analysis, whereas a comment could not.